Rare Earth Chloride

Lanthanum Chloride is very important raw materials for FCC catalyst and water treatment. Lanthanum-rich Lanthanide compounds have been used extensively for cracking reactions in FCC catalysts, especially to manufacture high-octane gasoline from heavy crude oil. A possible application involves the precipitation Phosphate from solutions. Lanthanum Chloride is also used in biochemical research to block the activity of divalent cation channels, mainly Calcium channels. Doped with Cerium, it is used as a scintillator material.

Cerium Chloride is cerium salt raw materials, carbide additives, chemical reagents and other industries. Cerium Chloride is the important material for catalyst, glass, phosphors and polishing powders. It is also used to decolorize glass by keeping iron in its ferrous state. The ability of Cerium-doped glass to block out ultra violet light is utilized in the manufacturing of medical glassware and aerospace windows. It is also used to prevent polymers from darkening in sunlight and to suppress discoloration of television glass. It is applied to optical components to improve performance.

Praseodymium Chloride used to colour glasses and enamels; when mixed with certain other materials, praseodymium produces an intense clean yellow colour in glass. Praseodymium Chloride is also the main raw materials for making Praseodymium Metal.  It is present in the rare earth mixture whose Fluoride forms the core of carbon arc lights which are used in the motion picture industry for studio lighting and projector lights.

Neodymium Chloride mainly used for glass, crystal and capacitors. Colours glass delicate shades ranging from pure violet through wine-red and warm gray. Light transmitted through such glass shows unusually sharp absorption bands. Neodymium Chloride is useful in protective lenses for welding goggles. It is also used in CRT displays to enhance contrast between reds and greens. It is highly valued in glass manufacturing for its attractive purple coloring to glass.

Samarium Chloride has specialized uses in glass, phosphors, lasers, and thermoelectric devices. Samarium Chloride is used for the preparation of Samarium metal, which has a variety of uses, notably in magnets. Anhydrous SmCl3 is mixed with Sodium Chloride or Calcium Chloride to give a low melting point eutectic mixture. Electrolysis of this molten salt solution gives the free metal. Samarium Chloride can also be used as a starting point for the preparation of other Samarium salts.

Europium Chloride is used as a raw material of phosphors for color cathode-ray tubes and liquid-crystal displays used in computer monitors and televisions employ Europium Oxide as the red phosphor. Europium Chloride is also applied in speciality laser glass. In energy efficient fluorescent lighting, Europium provides not only the necessary red, but also the blue. Several commercial blue phosphors are based on Europium for color TV, computer screens and fluorescent lamps. A recent (2015) application of Europium is in quantum memory chips which can reliably store information for days at a time; these could allow sensitive quantum data to be stored to a hard disk-like device and shipped around the country.

Gadolinium Chloride is used for making optical glass and dopant for Gadolinium Yttrium Garnets which have microwave applications.

High purity of Gadolinium Chloride is used for making laser crystal and phosphors for colour TV tube. It is used for making. Gadolinium Yttrium Garnet (Gd:Y3Al5O12); it has microwave applications and is used in fabrication of various optical components and as substrate material for magneto-optical films. Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG, Gd3Ga5O12) was used for imitation diamonds and for computer bubble memory. It can also serve as an electrolyte in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs).

Terbium Chloride has important role as an activator for green phosphors used in colour TV tubes, is also used in special lasers and as a dopant in solid-state devices. Chloride compounds can conduct electricity when fused or dissolved in water. Terbium "green" phosphors (which fluoresce a brilliant lemon-yellow) are combined with divalent europium blue phosphors and trivalent europium red phosphors to provide the "trichromatic" lighting technology which is by far the largest consumer of the world's terbium supply. Trichromatic lighting provides much higher light output for a given amount of electrical energy than does incandescent lighting. It is also used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.

Dysprosium Chloride has specialized uses in laser glass, phosphors and Dysprosium Metal halide lamp. Dysprosium is used in conjunction with Vanadium and other elements, in making laser materials and commercial lighting. Dysprosium is one of the components of Terfenol-D,which is employed in transducers, wide-band mechanical resonators, and high-precision liquid-fuel injectors. Dysprosium and its compounds are highly susceptible to magnetization, they are employed in various data-storage applications, such as in hard disks.

Erbium Chloride is an important colourant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes. High purity Erbium Chloride is widely applied as dopant in making optical fiber and amplifier. It is particularly useful as an amplifier for fiber optic data transfer.

Ytterbium Chloride is applied to numerous fiber amplifier and fiber optic technologies, High purity grades are widely applied as a doping agent for garnet crystals in lasers a important colourant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes. Ytterbium chloride is a powerful catalyst for the formation of acetals using trimethyl orthoformate. YbCl3 may be used as a calcium ion probe, in a fashion similar to a sodium ion probe, it is also used to track digestion in animals.

Yttrium Chloride is widely applied in electronic ceramics, glass, and phosphors. High purity grades are the most important materials for tri-bands Rare Earth phosphors and Yttrium-Iron-Garnets, which are very effective microwave filters. Yttrium is used in the production of a large variety of synthetic garnets, and Yttria is used to make Yttrium Iron Garnets, which are very effective microwave filters.