Lanthanum La
Samarium, a moderately hard silvery metal, also has a wide variety of applications. For example, samarium-cobalt magnets have high permanent magnetization and thermal stability. They are used in small motors, headphones and musical instruments. Samarium compounds are used as efficient catalysts for different reactions such as decomposition of plastics and dehydration of ethanol. Samarium-153 is used for cancer treatments, while samarium-149 is an efficient neutron capture with applications in nuclear reactors.
Rare earth permanent magnet material is a kind of magnetic material which is composed of samarium and neodymium mixed rare earth metal and transition metal (such as cobalt, iron, etc.), sintered by powder metallurgy and magnetized by magnetic field. Rare earth permanent magnets are divided into samarium cobalt (SmCo) permanent magnets and NdFeB (NdFeB) permanent magnets. Among them, the magnetic energy product of SmCo magnets is between 15--30MGOe, and the magnetic energy product of NdFeB magnets is between 27--50MGOe, which is known as the "permanent magnet king" and is the highest magnetic permanent magnet material.
